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In a public key cryptography system, senders and receivers do not use the same key.Instead, the system defines a key pair, with one of the keys beingconfidential (private) and the other not (public).

Unlike keys meant for symmetric cipher algorithms (typically justrandom bit strings), keys for public key algorithms have very specificproperties. This module collects all methods to generate, validate,store and retrieve public keys.

API principles¶

Asymmetric keys are represented by Python objects. Each object can be eithera private key or a public key (the method has_private() can be usedto distinguish them).

A key object can be created in four ways:

1. generate() at the module level (e.g. Crypto.PublicKey.RSA.generate()).The key is randomly created each time.
2. import_key() at the module level (e.g. Crypto.PublicKey.RSA.import_key()).The key is loaded from memory.
3. construct() at the module level (e.g. Crypto.PublicKey.RSA.construct()).The key will be built from a set of sub-components.
4. publickey() at the object level (e.g. Crypto.PublicKey.RSA.RsaKey.publickey()).The key will be the public key matching the given object.

A key object can be serialized via its export_key() method.

Keys objects can be compared via the usual operators and != (note that the two halves of the same key,private and public, are considered as two different keys).

Available key types¶

Obsolete key type¶

Secure context
This feature is available only in secure contexts (HTTPS), in some or all supporting browsers.

Use the generateKey() method of the SubtleCrypto interface to generate a new key (for symmetric algorithms) or key pair (for public-key algorithms).

Syntax

Parameters

• algorithm is a dictionary object defining the type of key to generate and providing extra algorithm-specific parameters.
  • For RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5, RSA-PSS, or RSA-OAEP: pass an RsaHashedKeyGenParams object.
  • For ECDSA or ECDH: pass an EcKeyGenParams object.
  • For HMAC: pass an HmacKeyGenParams object.
  • For AES-CTR, AES-CBC, AES-GCM, or AES-KW: pass an AesKeyGenParams object.
• extractable is a Boolean indicating whether it will be possible to export the key using SubtleCrypto.exportKey() or SubtleCrypto.wrapKey().
• keyUsages Â is an Array indicating what can be done with the newly generated key. Possible values for array elements are:
  • encrypt: The key may be used to encrypt messages.
  • decrypt: The key may be used to decrypt messages.
  • sign: The key may be used to sign messages.
  • verify: The key may be used to verify signatures.
  • deriveKey: The key may be used in deriving a new key.
  • deriveBits: The key may be used in deriving bits.
  • wrapKey: The key may be used to wrap a key.
  • unwrapKey: The key may be used to unwrap a key.

Return value

• result is a Promise that fulfills with a CryptoKey (for symmetric algorithms) or a CryptoKeyPair (for public-key algorithms).

Exceptions

The promise is rejected when the following exception is encountered:

SyntaxError

Raised when the result is a CryptoKey of type secret or private but keyUsages is empty.

SyntaxError

Raised when the result is a CryptoKeyPair and its privateKey.usages attribute is empty.

Examples

RSA key pair generation

Planescape random portal key generator. This code generates an RSA-OAEP encryption key pair. See the complete code on GitHub.

Elliptic curve key pair generation

This code generates an ECDSA signing key pair. See the complete code on GitHub.

HMAC key generation

This code generates an HMAC signing key. See the complete code on GitHub.

AES key generation

This code generates an AES-GCM encryption key. See the complete code on GitHub.

Specifications

Browser compatibility

Crypto Key Generate Rsa Ssh

Generate Rsa Key

See also

3650 Crypto Key Generate Rsa Number

• Cryptographic key length recommendations.
• NIST cryptographic algorithm and key length recommendations.